Enclosure, Cloonigny, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Enclosures
On the southern slopes of a low hill in the flat farmland of north Galway, there is an archaeological site that you cannot see.
No earthwork breaks the surface, no stone protrudes from the soil, nothing marks the spot to the eye of a person walking across it. What exists here is, in a sense, a place defined entirely by its absence.
The Ordnance Survey six-inch maps record an oval enclosure, roughly forty metres by thirty-five metres, at Cloonigny. Enclosures of this kind are among the most common monument types in the Irish countryside, typically the remains of a ringfort or similar enclosed settlement, usually of early medieval date, where a circular or oval bank and ditch once defined a farmstead or small settlement. At Cloonigny, even that much is gone from the ground. When aerial reconnaissance was carried out in June 1963, recorded under the Cambridge University Collection of Aerial Photography reference CUCAP AHM 38, the only evidence detectable was a cropmark. Cropmarks appear when buried features, walls, ditches, or compacted surfaces, affect the moisture and nutrients available to growing crops above them, producing slight but readable differences in colour or growth rate when viewed from the air. That brief photographic record is, it seems, the clearest window that survives onto whatever once stood here.