Midden, Ballymoney, Co. Donegal
Co. Donegal |
Settlement Sites
Archaeological investigations at this coastal site in Ballymoney, County Donegal, have revealed the remnants of an ancient shell midden; a prehistoric rubbish heap that offers fascinating glimpses into the lives of Ireland's earliest inhabitants.
The midden appears as an intermittent layer of shells eroding from the cliff face, typically measuring 20 to 40 centimetres thick and stretching approximately 80 metres along the coastline. Shells have also been spotted scattered across the surface of the field just south of the cliff exposure, about 140 metres from where the midden begins.
To determine the full extent of this prehistoric deposit, archaeologists excavated a series of test pits throughout the area under excavation licence 01E0840. Their methodical investigation revealed that whilst the midden extends roughly 10 metres inland from the cliff edge at certain points, it doesn't stretch beyond 15 metres from the cliff face. Interestingly, a layer of dark soil was found beyond the midden's boundaries, suggesting past human activity extended further inland. Test pits dug at intervals of 100 and 130 metres to the south confirmed additional midden deposits, though no evidence was found at the 150 metre mark.
Perhaps most remarkably, radiocarbon dating of oyster shells from the site has placed this midden firmly in the Mesolithic period, with dates ranging from 4800 to 4500 BC. This makes it over 6,000 years old, contemporary with some of Ireland's earliest known human settlements. The shells and other organic materials preserved here provide invaluable evidence of the diet, lifestyle, and coastal exploitation strategies of Ireland's hunter-gatherer communities during this pivotal period in prehistory.