The original fortress was built by William Marshall, Earl of Pembroke, around 1195, marking the beginning of what would become one of Ireland’s most significant medieval strongholds. The castle passed through various hands over the centuries, including the powerful Butler family, Earls of Ormonde, who controlled it for nearly 500 years from 1391 to 1967.

The castle you see today is largely the result of Victorian renovations carried out in the 19th century, which transformed the medieval fortress into a more comfortable residence whilst preserving its defensive character. The impressive stone structure features classic Norman architecture with later Gothic Revival additions, including towers, battlements, and a great hall that once hosted elaborate banquets. During the Irish Confederate Wars of the 1640s, the castle endured a famous siege by Oliver Cromwell’s forces in 1650, eventually surrendering after the walls were breached by cannon fire.

The surrounding gardens are equally captivating, featuring both formal terraced gardens and woodland walks that offer stunning views of the castle and river. The Victorian walled garden has been restored to include heritage vegetables, ornamental borders, and a collection of old Irish apple varieties. Visitors can explore the castle’s furnished rooms, which display centuries of art and tapestries, or wander the extensive grounds that include a playground adventure area for children and peaceful riverside paths that connect to Kilkenny’s Medieval Mile.