Enclosure, Ballywalter, Co. Kilkenny

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Ballywalter, Co. Kilkenny

In the flat pasture of Ballywalter in County Kilkenny, there is an enclosure roughly forty metres across.

You would never know it from standing there. The grass offers no dip, no ridge, no shadow of a bank or ditch. The only reason anyone knows it exists at all is a single aerial photograph taken on 17 July 1968, in which the circular outline of the site appeared as a cropmark, the subtle difference in colour and growth that ripening grain or stressed grass produces when the buried remains of a ditch draw moisture differently from the soil around it. Seen from the air in the right conditions, what is invisible at ground level becomes legible, briefly, as though the landscape is showing its working.

Cropmark enclosures of this kind are found across Ireland and typically indicate the site of a ringfort or similar enclosed settlement, a form of farmstead that was common throughout the early medieval period. The circular plan, running to about forty metres in diameter, falls within the range typical of such sites. Whether the buried ditch was originally accompanied by an earthen bank, a timber palisade, or some combination of both is impossible to say without excavation. The 1968 photograph was taken as part of the Cambridge University Collection of Aerial Photography, a project that captured a great deal of Irish archaeology that had left no mark on maps or memory. Without that flight, on that particular July day, this site might never have entered the record at all.

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Pete F
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