Enclosure, Cloghala, Co. Kilkenny
Co. Kilkenny |
Enclosures
What survives of this site in Cloghala, County Kilkenny, exists now mainly as a ghost in the soil.
Where there was once a substantial circular enclosure, roughly 65 metres across, there is today a cropmark, the faint stain left in growing crops by a buried fosse, the ditch that once defined the enclosure's perimeter. It is the kind of trace that only becomes legible from the air, or through the particular angle of late-season light on a dry summer field.
The enclosure appears on the first Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1839 as an irregular curvilinear form, the kind of earthwork that in an Irish rural context typically represents a ringfort or a related enclosure of early medieval date. By the time the OS revised the map between 1899 and 1902, surveyors recorded it as a circular enclosure, and a mature tree, or possibly a cluster of trees, still stood within the interior, roughly south of centre. That tree, or those trees, may have helped preserve the site through much of the twentieth century; such features were often left undisturbed in Irish field systems out of a mixture of superstition and practical inconvenience. The enclosure did not survive the twenty-first century intact, however. Sometime between 2005 and 2009, a farm roadway approximately five metres wide was cut directly across the south-western quadrant of the enclosure. By 2011 the earthwork had been levelled entirely, its presence detectable only as a cropmark showing the line of the fosse beneath. More recently, what appears to be quarrying activity has eaten further into the interior from the north, east, and south-east.
The site is a useful, if sobering, illustration of how quickly an earthwork that survived close to two centuries of recorded mapping can disappear within a few years of modern agricultural and infrastructure pressure. The fosse cropmark that remains is legible in satellite imagery but would mean little to a casual visitor on the ground.