Enclosure, Clogher East, Co. Limerick

Co. Limerick |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Clogher East, Co. Limerick

Two circular enclosures side by side in the same field is unusual enough.

Two that have been almost entirely swallowed by centuries of agricultural improvement, surviving now only as faint rings visible from the air, is something else again. In the improved pasture of Clogher East, Co. Limerick, a pair of conjoined enclosures sits roughly 190 metres west of the townland boundary with Maidstown. What was once a pair of raised earthworks is today little more than a ghost in the grass, legible only through aerial photography and the patience of those who know what to look for.

The site was recorded as two conjoined circular enclosures on the Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1840, which suggests the earthworks were still reasonably visible to the surveyors at that time. By the 1897 edition of the twenty-five-inch OSi map, only one of the two remained clearly defined: a raised circular area of roughly fourteen metres in diameter, bounded by a scarp (a steep-sided earthen edge) and an outer fosse, which is essentially a ditch dug around the perimeter. The northern enclosure, slightly larger at around fifteen metres in diameter, was defined by its own scarp and an external field drain running from the south-east around to the north-west, with an entrance gap visible at the south-west. The antiquarian Thomas Johnson Westropp, writing in 1916 to 1917, noted not just these two conjoined examples but also two further forts in close proximity within Clogher East, suggesting the area once held a small concentration of such enclosed sites. Enclosures of this type are generally associated with early medieval settlement in Ireland, often interpreted as the remains of ringforts, which served as farmsteads protected by earthen banks and ditches. By the time an aerial photograph was taken by the Archaeological Survey of Ireland in September 2002, and again in OSi orthophotos captured between 2005 and 2012, both enclosures had been levelled, surviving only as cropmarks, the faint differential growth in grass or grain that betrays buried features beneath the surface.

The site lies approximately 700 metres south-west of a castle recorded in the national monuments register for the area. There is no formal public access, as the enclosures sit within working agricultural land, and with the monuments now levelled, there is nothing visible from ground level. The cropmarks are best appreciated through the aerial imagery available via Google Earth or the OSi historical map viewer, where the two conjoined rings emerge with surprising clarity against the surrounding fields. Anyone researching the early medieval landscape of this part of Limerick would find it worth cross-referencing Westropp's notes alongside the aerial record compiled by Martin Fitzpatrick and uploaded to the Sites and Monuments Record in May 2021.

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