Enclosure, Dunbell Big, Co. Kilkenny

Co. Kilkenny |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Dunbell Big, Co. Kilkenny

Beneath the tilled fields of Dunbell Big in County Kilkenny, an oval earthwork quietly disappeared from the historical record sometime between 1840 and the turn of the twentieth century.

The enclosure measured roughly 38 metres north to south and 30 metres east to west, large enough to have enclosed a farmstead, a ceremonial space, or any number of things that early Irish enclosed sites were put to use for. What makes it quietly strange is the gap between its presence and its absence: clearly visible to the surveyors who produced the first Ordnance Survey six-inch map in 1840, it had vanished entirely from the revised edition completed between 1899 and 1902.

Enclosures of this kind, broadly circular or oval earthen boundaries defined by a bank and ditch, are among the most common archaeological features in the Irish landscape, yet their individual histories are often poorly understood. This one left no obvious explanation for its disappearance. The land was in tillage, and the gradual ploughing down of earthworks over decades of cultivation is the most likely cause. Satellite imagery captured in 2021 shows a trackway cutting roughly east to west across the northern portion of where the monument once stood, a sign that the ground has been worked and crossed repeatedly in the century since the enclosure dropped off the maps. Approximately 250 metres to the north-north-east lies a separate enclosure with an associated field system, suggesting that this part of Kilkenny once held a cluster of related activity rather than a single isolated site.

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