Enclosure, Heath, Co. Mayo

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Heath, Co. Mayo

In the grounds of a ruined 19th-century country house in Heath, Co. Mayo, a mound sits quietly smothered under a dense thicket of laurel, its origins pulled in two directions at once: prehistoric earthwork on one hand, dumping ground for 19th-century construction spoil on the other.

The platform is roughly D-shaped now, measuring about 22 metres north to south and 18 metres east to west, and it takes a certain patience with overgrowth and disturbance to read it as what it likely once was.

The structure is classified as a possible rath, which is the Irish term for a roughly circular earthen enclosure, typically dating to the early medieval period and used as a farmstead or place of habitation. By 1930 it was still legible enough on the Ordnance Survey six-inch map to be recorded as a circular hachured enclosure with a diameter of around 25 metres, but the intervening decades have not been kind to it. The south-western arc of the enclosure retains a curving scarp about two metres high with a faint internal lip, and this section probably preserves the closest approximation of the original form. Elsewhere the picture is considerably more complicated. The western and north-western scarps have been modified or partly truncated at some point in the past. To the north, a farm road and its bordering wall clip the edge of the platform. Most dramatically, the eastern side has been sheared away almost vertically, to a height of between two and a half and three metres, when a slatted shed was built hard up against it. Local tradition adds another layer: it is said that soil dug out during the construction of the adjacent big house was deposited on top of the enclosure, meaning the mound as it stands today may be partly a product of 19th-century landscaping rather than purely of its original builders.

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