Enclosure, Kilglassan, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Enclosures
In the pastureland of Kilglassan, County Mayo, a low circular earthwork sits on a gentle rise, barely announcing itself to anyone who does not know to look.
It is the kind of feature that most walkers would step across without a second thought, yet it represents a category of monument that shaped the Irish rural landscape for millennia. Enclosures of this type, sometimes associated with ringforts, which were enclosed farmsteads used from the early medieval period onward, are scattered across the country, though few survive in as ambiguous and eroded a condition as this one.
What makes the Kilglassan enclosure quietly interesting is how its recorded history reveals a process of gradual erasure. The 1838 Ordnance Survey six-inch map clearly indicated a circular enclosure roughly 35 metres in diameter. By the time the 25-inch plan was produced, it appeared as a roughly oval walled enclosure, around 30 metres north to south and 35 metres east to west, and had been planted with trees, suggesting it was recognised as a distinct feature worth marking and perhaps preserving. Yet by the 1915 edition of the six-inch map, it had vanished from the cartographic record entirely. On the ground today, the enclosure survives as a slightly raised, roughly circular area about 28 metres across, defined by a low bank or scarp that has been worn down to a dilapidated rim. At its most substantial, on the south-western arc, this rim reaches only a metre in external height and about four metres in width. The north-eastern side has been cut into by a subcircular quarry pit, removing a portion of the bank altogether. The interior has a slightly concave or dished profile, the result of the enclosing scarp merging so gradually with the ground inside that the two are almost indistinguishable. Along the north-western arc, small and medium-sized stones are still visible within the bank material, hinting at whatever structural fabric once held this boundary together.
The site sits in good pasture atop a rise within a broad, undulating landscape divided by limestone field walls, and it commands clear views in all directions. That elevated position may well have been part of its original logic, whatever function the enclosure originally served.