Enclosure (Large), Castlekelly, Co. Kilkenny

Co. Kilkenny |

Enclosures

Enclosure (Large), Castlekelly, Co. Kilkenny

In the pastureland of Castlekelly, Co. Kilkenny, a large circular enclosure roughly 75 metres across has been absorbed so thoroughly into the ground that it now only reveals itself from the air, and only then under the right conditions.

What was once a substantial earthwork, the kind that would have been a conspicuous feature of the local landscape, has been reduced to a cropmark, a faint differential in the way grass or grain grows over buried soil disturbance, visible in an aerial photograph taken on 17 July 1967 but otherwise lost entirely to the eye of anyone standing in the field.

The enclosure was recorded on the first edition Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1839 and was still present on the 1900 revision, meaning it survived in some recognisable form for at least sixty years after that first mapping. At some point between 1900 and 1967, however, it was levelled, almost certainly as agricultural land was consolidated or improved. Even before that final removal, a field boundary had been driven through the monument running roughly northwest to southeast, cutting across its centre and suggesting the enclosure had already ceased to be understood or respected as a coherent structure. What type of enclosure it originally was remains unclear from the surviving record, though large circular enclosures in Ireland are often associated with early medieval settlement, enclosing a farmstead or the residence of a person of local standing. Sitting approximately 30 metres to the northeast is a castle, a proximity that hints at a long continuity of occupation at this particular spot, one form of local authority or settlement succeeding another across the centuries. A possible trackway has also been noted in the same cluster of features, suggesting this was once a place with roads leading to it as well as walls around it.

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Pete F
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