Enclosure (Large), Desart Demesne, Co. Kilkenny

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Enclosures

Enclosure (Large), Desart Demesne, Co. Kilkenny

A large earthwork sits quietly in pasture about a quarter of a mile south of Desart Court in County Kilkenny, known locally for centuries not by any English name but as Lios-Chluainín, the Fort of the Little Meadow.

That Irish name survived in the mouths of local speakers long after the surrounding landscape had been reshaped into an Anglo-Irish demesne, which is itself a small curiosity: the place retained a memory of its older identity even as the land around it changed hands and character entirely.

Writing in 1905, the historian William Carrigan recorded that Irish speakers in the area still used the name, pronouncing it Lischlooineen or Lislooineen. He described a circular enclosure roughly a hundred yards in diameter, its earthen rampart partially dismantled but still traceable on the ground. A lios, in Irish tradition, is an enclosed circular fortification, essentially the same thing as a rath, the earthen ringfort that was the standard form of rural settlement across Ireland from the early medieval period onwards. Carrigan noted that local people had come to call it simply a rath, which suggests the older, more specific name was already beginning to slip. The southern portion of the enclosure appeared on the Ordnance Survey revision of 1899 to 1900, and even on satellite imagery taken over a century later, only the southern arc of the earthwork remains clearly visible, with a chord of around seventy-three metres and a depth suggesting a once-substantial curve of bank.

The enclosure lies alongside a public road running roughly north-northwest to south-southeast along its eastern edge, and a field boundary to the northwest may have clipped part of the original circuit. What survives is a fragment, but the southern arc is still legible in the landscape, and the persistence of the Irish place-name into at least the early twentieth century gives this particular earthwork a quietly layered quality that the surrounding demesne parkland, however graceful, cannot quite match.

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