Enclosure, Robertstown, Co. Limerick

Co. Limerick |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Robertstown, Co. Limerick

Three ancient enclosures sit in low-lying pasture near the Robertstown River estuary in County Limerick, and for most of the twentieth century nobody recorded them at all.

They do not appear on any Ordnance Survey historic mapping, which means they slipped through generations of cartographic scrutiny without leaving a trace. What makes the site especially curious is its form: three penannular enclosures joined together, each one a near-complete ring with a deliberate gap or opening, arranged so that they touch and connect. A penannular enclosure, broadly speaking, is a roughly circular earthwork that stops just short of closing, leaving an entrance gap. To find three of them conjoined in this way is unusual enough to prompt questions that the landscape itself does not yet answer.

The site came to light in 2001, when archaeologist Lar Dunne identified the complex as part of an archaeological assessment. Working from aerial photography and an EDM survey, an electronic distance measurement technique used to plot surface features precisely, Dunne recorded the three enclosures in detail. The southernmost is the most clearly defined, measuring roughly 27 metres northwest to southeast and 23 metres northeast to southwest, open to the southwest. A second enclosure adjoins it to the north, open to the northwest, visible as a fainter cropmark. A cropmark appears when buried or relict earthworks affect how crops or grass grow above them, producing differences in colour or height detectable from the air. The third enclosure, adjoining to the east-northeast and open to the east, is barely traceable even from aerial photographs. On the ground, Dunne noted that the enclosures retain a relict profile and are still visible above the present ground level. By the time Digital Globe and Google Earth orthophotos were taken between 2010 and 2015, only the southernmost of the three remained visible from above.

The site sits in ordinary farmland, so access depends on the goodwill of landowners and should not be assumed. It lies close to a ringfort roughly 100 metres to the west and a church and graveyard around 165 metres to the south, so the surrounding area carries considerable archaeological density for what appears, at first glance, to be unremarkable grazing land. The enclosures look northward over the Robertstown River estuary and Aughinish Island, with the Knockanimpuha and Mullaghareirk Mountains visible to the south on a clear day. Summer, when cropmarks are most legible from any elevation, would be the most productive time to visit if aerial observation were possible, but even at ground level the earthwork profile gives the enclosures a quiet presence that the OS mapmakers, for whatever reason, never thought to note.

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