Enclosure, Subulter, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Enclosures
There is nothing to see at Subulter, in north Cork, and that is precisely what makes it interesting.
The circular enclosure here exists only as a cropmark, a faint signature left in the soil that becomes legible only from the air. When an aerial survey photographed the area in July 1989, the outline of a fosse became visible in the growing crop, a circular ditch roughly forty metres across, pressing through the earth in a ring that no amount of walking the field at ground level would easily reveal. A cropmark forms when buried features such as ditches or walls affect how plants above them grow, producing variations in colour or height that can be read like a shadow from above.
What the photograph captured was the ghost of an enclosure, most likely a ringfort or similar enclosed settlement, of the kind that was common across Ireland from the early medieval period onwards. A fosse is simply a ditch, typically dug to define a boundary or provide some degree of defence, and here the evidence suggests it once enclosed a roughly circular area of domestic or agricultural activity. There appears to have been an entrance facing east, a common orientation in Irish ringfort construction, possibly for practical reasons related to morning light or prevailing wind. A smaller cropmark on the northern exterior of the fosse, around ten metres across, may indicate an annexe, a secondary enclosed space attached to the main enclosure and often used for keeping animals. Roughly a hundred metres to the north-north-west, another circular enclosure has been recorded separately, suggesting that this part of north Cork once held a concentration of enclosed settlement sites, several of which sit within a broader field system that has itself left traces in the landscape.
The circular enclosure here exists only as a cropmark, a faint signature left in the soil that becomes legible only from the air. When an aerial survey photographed the area in July 1989, the outline of a fosse became visible in the growing crop, a circular ditch roughly forty metres across, pressing through the earth in a ring that no amount of walking the field at ground level would easily reveal. A cropmark forms when buried features such as ditches or walls affect how plants above them grow, producing variations in colour or height that can be read like a shadow from above.
What the photograph captured was the ghost of an enclosure, most likely a ringfort or similar enclosed settlement, of the kind that was common across Ireland from the early medieval period onwards. A fosse is simply a ditch, typically dug to define a boundary or provide some degree of defence, and here the evidence suggests it once enclosed a roughly circular area of domestic or agricultural activity. There appears to have been an entrance facing east, a common orientation in Irish ringfort construction, possibly for practical reasons related to morning light or prevailing wind. A smaller cropmark on the northern exterior of the fosse, around ten metres across, may indicate an annexe, a secondary enclosed space attached to the main enclosure and often used for keeping animals. Roughly a hundred metres to the north-north-west, another circular enclosure has been recorded separately, suggesting that this part of north Cork once held a concentration of enclosed settlement sites, several of which sit within a broader field system that has itself left traces in the landscape.