Field system, Ballynahown, Co. Clare
Co. Clare |
Ritual/Ceremonial
On the western slopes of Knockauns Mountain in County Clare, the ground holds the outline of a landscape that people have been shaping for thousands of years.
Stretching roughly two and a half kilometres from north-east to south-west and about one and a quarter kilometres from north-west to south-east, a vast field system spreads across the hillside, large enough that its full extent only becomes legible from satellite imagery. What makes it quietly extraordinary is not any single feature but the sheer density of what lies within it, and the way those features represent layer upon layer of human occupation, from prehistory through the medieval period.
Within the boundaries of the field system sits a remarkable concentration of cashels, enclosures, and hut sites. A cashel is a circular stone fort, typically dating to the early medieval period, built to demarcate and protect a farmstead or high-status dwelling. Alongside these are four wedge tombs, a monument type associated with the later Neolithic and early Bronze Age, constructed to house the dead in a wedge-shaped stone chamber and generally dating to somewhere between four and five thousand years ago. Their presence here, clustered within what later became an organised agricultural landscape, suggests the area held significance long before the field boundaries were formalised. Perhaps most unusual is the inclusion of an inland promontory fort, a monument type more commonly associated with dramatic coastal headlands, where a spur of high ground is cut off by a bank and ditch to create a naturally defended enclosure. Finding one inland, embedded within this broader complex, adds another unexpected layer to what the hillside contains.