Fulacht fia, Ballinrobe Demesne, Co. Mayo

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Settlement Sites

Fulacht fia, Ballinrobe Demesne, Co. Mayo

Beneath a pasture on the western edge of Ballinrobe, with nothing visible at the surface to suggest anything lay below, archaeologists in 2016 found a prehistoric cooking site that had been quietly waiting under half a metre of soil.

A fulacht fia, the most common type of prehistoric monument found in Ireland, is typically identified by a horseshoe-shaped mound of fire-cracked stone, the debris left behind after repeated cycles of heating rocks in a fire and dropping them into a water-filled trough to bring it to the boil. This particular example left no such mound; it was invisible until excavation reached it.

The site was uncovered during archaeological testing in June and August 2016, carried out ahead of a proposed development. At a depth of between 0.4 and 0.55 metres, excavators found a crescent-shaped spread of heat-shattered rocks, burnt soil, and charcoal fragments, measuring 8.9 metres north to south and between 2.5 and 6.8 metres east to west. The crescent sits on a layer of grey clay, and its open arms face west, directly towards the Bulkan River, a tributary of the River Robe that runs along the site's western boundary. That orientation is no accident; proximity to a reliable water source was essential to how these sites functioned, and the relationship between the monument's shape and the nearby river gives a clear sense of how deliberately it was placed. The fulacht fia was not fully excavated and remains preserved in situ beneath the field. A second fulacht fia lies just 1.3 metres to the north-east, suggesting this stretch of riverbank saw repeated or sustained use in prehistory.

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