Fulacht fia, Grange East, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Settlement Sites
A broad smear of heat-shattered stone and charcoal, compressed into blackened clay just a few centimetres thick, is not the kind of thing that announces itself.
This site in Grange East, County Limerick, would have remained entirely invisible had a road crew not begun stripping topsoil for a widening scheme on the N24. What emerged was a fulacht fia, a type of prehistoric cooking or processing site found in great numbers across Ireland, typically identified by a mound of fire-cracked stone left behind after repeated heating. They are among the most common archaeological monuments on the island, yet each one that surfaces during construction work is a small reminder of how much Bronze Age activity still lies just beneath ordinary ground.
The site came to light during archaeological monitoring carried out by Sarah McCutcheon, and the subsequent excavation, conducted by McCutcheon and O'Connell under licence number 00E0310, produced a detailed picture of the spread. Within the excavated area it measured 20 metres on a west-north-west to east-south-east axis and 7.5 metres across, with an average depth of just 0.16 metres and a maximum of 0.23 metres. To the north and east it was bounded by peat, and to the west by marl, a calcium-rich natural deposit, meaning the burnt material had accumulated at a junction of different wetland soils. Probing beyond the southern limit of excavation revealed the full footprint to be considerably larger, roughly 24.5 metres north to south and 21.5 metres east to west. Notably, no trough was found, which is the water-filled pit usually considered central to how these sites functioned, nor were there other cut features directly associated with the burnt spread. Three small stake-holes were recorded, but these post-dated the deposit. The spread also contained traces of plough furrows, indicating that agricultural activity had cut across the site at some later point.
The site lies along the N24 corridor in Grange East, and given that it was uncovered during road construction, it is not accessible as a visitor destination in any conventional sense. There is nothing visible at the surface, which was true even during excavation south of the dig limit. The real interest here is in what the record reveals about the landscape: a wide, low-lying area of peat and marl that would have held water readily, precisely the kind of waterlogged ground where fulacht fia sites tend to cluster. Anyone travelling the N24 between Limerick and Tipperary passes through terrain that clearly held sustained prehistoric use, most of it still undetected beneath the fields on either side.