Fulacht fia, Killinane, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Settlement Sites
Beneath the grass of a North Cork pasture near Killinane lies a low, unremarkable spread of scorched and shattered stone that is, in fact, the remnant of a Bronze Age cooking site used by people in Ireland roughly three to four thousand years ago.
It measures around twelve metres north to south and thirteen metres east to west, and it gives nothing away to a casual eye. The site is only clearly legible from above, where it registers as a soilmark in aerial photography.
The feature belongs to a class of monument known as a fulacht fia, the most common prehistoric archaeological site type found in Ireland. The basic principle was straightforward: a pit was dug, often lined, and filled with water; stones were heated in a nearby fire and dropped into the pit to bring the water to a boil. Over repeated use, those stones cracked and became useless, and the discarded fragments built up into a horseshoe-shaped mound surrounding the pit. It is this accumulation of fire-cracked, burnt stone that survives at Killinane, now grass-covered and settled into the pasture. Thousands of fulachta fia are known across Ireland, particularly in low-lying or marshy ground near water sources, though their precise range of uses, cooking being the most widely accepted, has been the subject of considerable archaeological discussion.