Ringfort (Cashel), Lissylisheen, Co. Clare

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Cashel), Lissylisheen, Co. Clare

On the north-west-facing slope of a karst limestone plateau in County Clare, a small stone enclosure sits in rough pasture with a ravine dropping sharply away just beyond its wall.

This is a cashel, the Irish term for a ringfort built from drystone rather than earthen banks, and this particular example is modest enough in scale that it could easily be mistaken for a field boundary or a collapsed pen. What gives it away, and gives it its quiet interest, is the precision still legible in its construction and the odd little upright stone planted inside near the entrance whose purpose nobody has been able to determine.

The cashel is oval in plan, measuring roughly 11.7 metres by 8.9 metres internally, enclosed by a double-faced drystone wall between 1.35 and 2.2 metres wide, with some of the facing-stones reaching 1.2 metres in length. The wall survives to a maximum external height of 0.8 metres, lower on the interior face. A funnel-shaped entrance, narrowing slightly from 2 metres at the outside to 1.7 metres within, opens at the south-east. That funnel shape is a fairly common feature in cashels across the west of Ireland, and is thought to have helped control the movement of animals in and out. Sitting 1.6 metres inside from the entrance threshold is a small earthfast upright stone, just 30 centimetres high and 10 centimetres deep, whose function is unresolved. It could mark something, anchor something, or simply be a leftover from an earlier use of the ground. The cashel also sits within a larger multiperiod field system, suggesting that the land around it was organised and reorganised across many centuries, with this enclosure representing just one layer of that long pattern of use. To the north-east, the ground opens into the Kilcorney Valley, the ravine widening as it descends, which would have made the plateau position both exposed and commanding for whoever built here.

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