Ringfort (Rath), Ballyengland, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Ringforts
There is something quietly dissonant about a monument that has stood for well over a thousand years being pressed into service as a domestic dump.
That is the current situation at this rath in Ballyengland, County Limerick, where the interior of an early medieval ringfort, shaded now by mature deciduous trees, has accumulated the ordinary refuse of the neighbouring farmyard, particularly in its south-western quadrant. The site sits on a north-facing slope in pasture ground, immediately north-west of that farmyard, and the relationship between the two has not been straightforward.
A ringfort, or rath, was a circular or oval enclosed homestead of the early medieval period in Ireland, typically bounded by one or more earthen banks and ditches, and used as a defended farmstead for a family of some status. This example is oval in plan, measuring roughly 24.6 metres north to south and 31.5 metres east to west. The enclosing earthen bank still stands to an internal height of around 0.9 metres, but on its external face it rises to a more commanding 2.65 metres, giving a sense of the original scale of the enclosure. Outside the bank runs a fosse, the term for the accompanying ditch, here measuring about a metre deep and 1.7 metres wide. The bank survives best along the south-western to northern arc, but erosion has worn it down considerably between north and east-south-east. At the south-east, both bank and fosse have been deliberately removed to create an opening allowing access from the farmyard. The fosse is clearest along the western arc, though it disappears where later field walls cut across it at the south-south-west and north-north-east. A narrow trench in the south-east corner of the interior is thought to be connected with the farmyard rather than with any ancient use of the site. The record was compiled by Denis Power and uploaded in August 2011.
The site is not formally managed or signposted, and any visit would require the permission of the landowner. The treeline within the interior makes the earthworks easier to read from outside, where the bank's external face is most legible, especially along the western side. The enclosure is best appreciated by walking the outer circuit where it remains intact, noting how the scale of the external bank dwarfs the gentler rise of its inner face. The cleared access gap on the south-eastern side, though a practical modern intrusion, at least allows a clear view into the interior, even if that interior now holds more recent history than ancient.