Ringfort (Rath), Ballygibbon, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballygibbon, Co. Cork

On a west-facing slope in Ballygibbon, a faint rise in the pasture is all that marks what was once a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, the most common type of early medieval settlement in Ireland.

These were typically circular enclosures defined by an earthen bank and ditch, built to protect a farmstead and its livestock, and they appear in their thousands across the Irish countryside, many now so eroded they are barely legible at ground level. This one is no exception to that quiet kind of survival.

When the Ordnance Survey produced its six-inch map in 1842, the site was still clear enough to record: an arc running roughly from south-south-east to west-north-west, shown with hachuring to indicate a bank or scarp on the western side of a field boundary running north-north-west to south-south-east. The enclosure had an internal diameter of around 22 metres at that point. Since then, the field fence that once followed or incorporated part of the old boundary has been removed, and what remains is a roughly circular, slightly raised area measuring approximately 32 metres north to south and 30 metres east to west. The flattening and spreading of the earthwork over time accounts for the difference between the earlier recorded arc and the broader footprint visible today, as centuries of agriculture gradually blur the sharper edges of these features.

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Pete F
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