Ringfort (Rath), Brittas, Co. Mayo

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Brittas, Co. Mayo

A roughly circular earthwork sitting on gently sloping pasture in Co. Mayo, this rath has acquired a slightly altered silhouette over the centuries: what the Ordnance Survey once mapped as a circular enclosure now presents a decidedly squarish outline, its western side having slumped and straightened to the point where the whole thing reads as subrectangular with softened corners.

A rath is an early medieval ringfort, typically a raised circular platform enclosed by an earthen bank and external ditch, and this one sits on ground that rises gradually to the west while offering open views to the east. The site is not easy to read from close up. A dense tangle of blackthorn, hawthorn, holly, and brambles rings the perimeter, with blackthorn pushing inward across the interior, and badgers have set up in the bank itself.

The earthwork measures roughly 39 metres north to south and 36 metres east to west. Its enclosing bank, or scarp, drops almost vertically into the fosse, the term for the broad surrounding ditch, which is itself about 3.5 metres wide and over a metre deep on its outer face. Fragments of stone-facing survive towards the south-west, along with tumbled rough walling on the slope, suggesting the bank was once at least partially revetted in stone. On the north side, a semicircular hollow cut into the outer face of the fosse is identified locally as the site of a former well, long since silted over. The fosse on the east side fills with standing water in winter, and local memory holds that it was periodically cleared out in the past. The widened section at the west-north-west, about ten metres across, is the result of modern gravel quarrying, and it is this disturbance that a Connacht historian named Knox was already noting in 1911, describing the site as a common earthen fort with a ditch and small rampart around the garth, somewhat ruined on one side by digging for gravel. More than a century later, the description still fits.

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Pete F
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