Ringfort (Rath), Carrownagreggaun, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Ringforts
Tucked into rough, low-lying pasture between two ridges in County Mayo, this ringfort holds a feature that sets it apart from the thousands of similar earthworks scattered across Ireland: a souterrain.
These underground stone-lined passages or chambers, built during the early medieval period, are found at many ringfort sites and are thought to have served as storage spaces, refuges, or both. Their presence hints at a settlement of some substance, one whose inhabitants invested real effort in constructing both the enclosure above ground and the hidden space beneath it.
The site takes the form of a circular raised area roughly 36 metres across, enclosed originally by two earthen banks with a fosse, or ditch, running between them. A fosse of this kind was a standard feature of a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort of earthen rather than stone construction, and the double-bank arrangement placed this settlement among the more elaborately defended examples of its type. The inner bank, standing to around 0.6 metres, survives on the northern to north-western arc, with a gap to the north-east that may mark the original entrance. The outer bank, of similar height where it remains, has been largely levelled along its southern to eastern stretch, most likely through centuries of agricultural activity. The souterrain lies in the north-eastern quarter of the interior, close to where that possible entrance gap appears in the inner bank. The site was recorded as part of a local archaeological survey of the Ballinrobe district, including the Lough Mask and Lough Carra area, compiled by D. Lavelle and published in 1994.
The setting in rough pasture between two low ridges means the slight rise of the ringfort can be difficult to read in the landscape, particularly where the outer bank has been reduced. What remains is subtle rather than dramatic, but the combination of the double enclosure and the souterrain beneath the north-east speaks to a site that was, at some point in the early medieval centuries, a functioning farmstead with more going on below the surface than is immediately apparent.