Ringfort (Rath), Commons (Connello Upper By.), Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Ringforts
Most ringforts survive in the Irish landscape as complete or nearly complete circles, but this one in the Commons townland of the old barony of Connello Upper has been reduced to an arc.
Roughly thirty metres across, the enclosure retains its earthen bank only along the south-south-west to north and north-east to east-north-east stretches; the rest has been cleared away, probably during agricultural improvement at some point in the past. What you are looking at, in other words, is a partial ghost of a structure that was once fully enclosed.
Ringforts, known as raths when built primarily of earth, were the typical farmstead of early medieval Ireland, broadly spanning the period from around the fifth to the twelfth century. They were not fortifications in any military sense but rather enclosures protecting a family's dwelling, animals, and stores. Thousands survive across the country in varying states of preservation, and their distribution reflects the density of early Irish rural settlement. This particular example was recorded by Denis Power and uploaded to the national Sites and Monuments Record in August 2011. Its setting is gently undulating pasture, and the interior of the enclosure remains flat and grassy, which is typical where the original surface has not been ploughed out. A dry-stone field wall has been built against the surviving bank at the south-south-west, a common enough occurrence where later farmers simply incorporated ancient earthworks into their own field systems. The field boundaries that once abutted the enclosure at the north, north-east, and east have since been removed.
The site sits in working farmland, so access would depend on landowner permission. The surviving bank is most legible from a slight distance, where the arc of raised ground becomes easier to read against the surrounding field level. The dry-stone wall joining the south-south-west section of the bank is a useful visual anchor for orienting yourself. Because the interior is flat pasture, there is little to see on the ground surface itself, but the partial circuit of the bank is clear enough to give a sense of the original form. Visiting in late autumn or winter, when vegetation is low, makes the earthwork easier to trace.