Ringfort (Rath), Creggannacourty, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Ringforts
A barley field in North Cork is not where you would expect to find the ghost of an early medieval settlement, yet that is more or less what survives at Creggannacourty.
The ringfort here has been levelled, its earthworks ploughed flat over generations of tillage, but in dry summers the buried ditches still speak. Stunted, yellowed growth in the cereal crop traces the outline of what was once a bivallate rath, a circular enclosure defined by two concentric banks and ditches, the kind of enclosed farmstead that once dotted the Irish countryside in their thousands during the early medieval period.
The site's slow disappearance is mapped, almost accidentally, across nearly a century of Ordnance Survey records. The 1842 six-inch map shows it as a hachured circular enclosure with trees growing on it, suggesting the earthworks were still legible in the landscape at that point and perhaps even being preserved as a tree ring, a common fate for raths that survived into the nineteenth century. By 1905 the cartographers recorded it more precisely as bivallate. The 1937 revision shows a hachured area enclosed by a fosse, the single surrounding ditch, which hints that by then the inner features were already degrading. At some point after that it was levelled entirely, though aerial photography has since revealed the fosses as cropmarks, the differential moisture retained in the filled ditches drawing faint circles in the grain. Further detail in the surrounding field suggests traces of an ancient field system associated with the rath, the working landscape of whoever once lived within those banks.