Ringfort (Rath), Drom Na Coille, Co. Kerry

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Drom Na Coille, Co. Kerry

What distinguishes this oval earthwork on the southern side of the Inny river valley from the generality of Irish ringforts is the detail preserved in its fabric.

A rath, to give it its proper Irish term, is a roughly circular or oval enclosure defined by one or more earthen banks and ditches, built during the early medieval period as a farmstead and status marker. This particular example is bivallate, meaning it carries two concentric banks rather than one, a feature associated with higher-ranking households. The inner bank still stands up to 1.8 metres above the interior floor in places, and its basal width reaches 4.5 metres. Large boulders have been incorporated along its base, and short stretches of dry-stone walling survive along its inner face, most visibly near the entrance on the east side. That entrance is itself a tidy piece of ancient engineering: a stone-faced gap measuring 2.3 metres wide, with a causeway 4.6 metres long preserved across the fosse, the flat-bottomed ditch that runs between the two banks.

The outer bank, capped with irregular slabs and boulders, is more modest, rising only about a metre above the base of the fosse and surviving in its best condition on the southern arc. Towards the north-west it thins to a scattered spread of stone, and on the east it has disappeared entirely where the causeway crosses. The fosse between the banks is overgrown but well defined, still 2.8 metres wide and dropping 2.9 metres from the crest of the inner bank to its base. Inside the enclosure, the ground is crossed by a series of east-west cultivation ridges, suggesting that at some point after the site's original use, the interior was turned over to agriculture. This layering of functions, early medieval enclosure later pressed into tillage, is common across Ireland but rarely so legible in the ground itself. The site sits in rough, gently sloping pasture, an unassuming setting that makes the survival of so much structural detail all the more notable.

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