Ringfort (Rath), Grange, Co. Dublin
Co. Dublin |
Ringforts
In a waterlogged field in Grange, County Dublin, there is a circular earthwork that has spent the last several years doing double duty as an early medieval monument and the only dry patch of land for miles around.
When the surrounding pasture floods, the cattle gravitate to it. They always have. The irony is that the very thing keeping this ringfort visible above the waterline is also the thing slowly destroying it.
A platform ringfort, sometimes called a rath, is essentially a circular raised enclosure built from earth, most commonly during the early medieval period in Ireland, roughly 500 to 1000 AD. They served as enclosed farmsteads, the bank and fosse, the latter being the external ditch dug around the perimeter, providing both a degree of defence and a clear boundary of status and ownership. The example at Grange is a reasonable specimen of the type: a circular raised platform about 40 metres in diameter and 2 metres high, with traces of a bank around the edge running about 8 metres wide and roughly 0.6 metres high. An entrance ramp, 3 metres wide, survives on the south-eastern side. The fosse that once ran around the base, 10 metres wide and half a metre deep, is no longer visible, having been obliterated by two successive years of potato cultivation and subsequent drainage work, a detail recorded by Healy as far back as 1975 and confirmed by later survey. A drain cut through the western section compounds the damage.
The site sits in low-lying pasture, and that setting is both its most striking feature and its greatest practical problem. Cattle seeking higher ground during wet seasons have caused severe poaching of the surface, the term used when animal hooves break up and churn waterlogged soil, eroding the earthwork from the top down. Visitors who do find their way here should expect a working agricultural landscape rather than a managed heritage site, and should look for the subtle rise of the platform above the surrounding field rather than any dramatic silhouette. The entrance ramp on the south-eastern side is the clearest diagnostic feature remaining. After prolonged rainfall, the surrounding field gives a reasonable impression of what the early medieval occupants would have understood about this place: the rath as the one firm, dry, defensible point in an otherwise difficult terrain.