Ringfort (Rath), Killaspuglonane, Co. Clare

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Killaspuglonane, Co. Clare

There is a small puzzle at the north-east of this early medieval enclosure in County Clare: a three-metre gap in the inner bank that looks very much like a doorway, yet no causeway was ever built across the ditch in front of it.

Someone, it seems, left an entrance without an obvious way in, or the crossing has simply not survived. It is the kind of detail that rewards close attention on what might otherwise appear to be a straightforward field monument.

The ringfort sits in pasture near the crest of a gentle, south-east-facing rise, about ninety metres west of a local stream. A rath, as these enclosures are generally known, is a roughly circular earthwork farmstead of the early medieval period, typically dated between the fifth and twelfth centuries, built to define a family’s land and offer a degree of protection for people and livestock. This one is bivallate, meaning it has two concentric rings of earthwork rather than the single bank more commonly seen. The inner bank reaches up to 1.35 metres on its outer face, with a flat-bottomed fosse, or ditch, running between it and an outer bank that is lower and, at the north-east, has been worn down to little more than a low scarp. The interior measures roughly 27.75 metres by 26.5 metres, slopes gently down toward the south-south-east, and sits slightly higher at its centre. The whole structure measures approximately 44.75 metres on its longest axis. It appeared on Ordnance Survey six-inch maps as early as 1840 and again on the 1916 edition, marked with the hachuring surveyors used to indicate earthwork features. The antiquarian Thomas Johnson Westropp, writing in 1905, picked it out as an excellent example of its type, specifically noting the depth of the fosse and the presence of the outer ring, which together give the site more presence than most surviving raths in the region.

Someone, it seems, left an entrance without an obvious way in, or the crossing has simply not survived. It is the kind of detail that rewards close attention on what might otherwise appear to be a straightforward field monument.

The ringfort sits in pasture near the crest of a gentle, south-east-facing rise, about ninety metres west of a local stream. A rath, as these enclosures are generally known, is a roughly circular earthwork farmstead of the early medieval period, typically dated between the fifth and twelfth centuries, built to define a family's land and offer a degree of protection for people and livestock. This one is bivallate, meaning it has two concentric rings of earthwork rather than the single bank more commonly seen. The inner bank reaches up to 1.35 metres on its outer face, with a flat-bottomed fosse, or ditch, running between it and an outer bank that is lower and, at the north-east, has been worn down to little more than a low scarp. The interior measures roughly 27.75 metres by 26.5 metres, slopes gently down toward the south-south-east, and sits slightly higher at its centre. The whole structure measures approximately 44.75 metres on its longest axis. It appeared on Ordnance Survey six-inch maps as early as 1840 and again on the 1916 edition, marked with the hachuring surveyors used to indicate earthwork features. The antiquarian Thomas Johnson Westropp, writing in 1905, picked it out as an excellent example of its type, specifically noting the depth of the fosse and the presence of the outer ring, which together give the site more presence than most surviving raths in the region.

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