Ringfort (Rath), Kilmona, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Kilmona, Co. Cork

There is nothing to see at this particular spot in Kilmona, and that, in a quiet way, is precisely what makes it worth knowing about.

A west-facing slope in pastureland, somewhere in mid Cork, holds the ghost of a ringfort, a type of circular earthwork enclosure built during the early medieval period, typically between roughly 500 and 1000 AD, and once one of the most common farm and settlement features in the Irish countryside. This one has been levelled entirely. No bank, no ditch, no rise in the ground to catch a low winter sun.

What we know of it comes from the Ordnance Survey's six-inch map of 1842, on which it appears as a hachured circular enclosure, the draughtsman's shorthand for an earthwork feature, measuring approximately twenty-five metres in diameter. By the time anyone thought to record it in more formal archaeological terms, it had already gone. Ringforts were lost in their thousands across Ireland, particularly during the agricultural improvements and land clearances of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and again during the tillage drives of the twentieth. Some were demolished deliberately; others simply eroded away as the earthen banks that defined them were spread across fields or absorbed into hedgerows. This one left behind only its outline on a map made nearly two centuries ago.

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