Rock art, Kealduff, Co. Kerry

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Settlement Sites

Rock art, Kealduff, Co. Kerry

A low sandstone boulder sitting beside a mountain stream on the Iveragh Peninsula carries a set of prehistoric marks that reward close inspection.

The rock is modest in scale, barely over a metre long and half a metre wide, yet its flat upper surface holds a small world of deliberate carving. Cup marks, the simplest form of prehistoric rock art, are circular depressions hammered or pecked into stone, and here they appear both alone and encircled by one or two concentric rings. What makes this particular boulder worth pausing over is the blurring between nature and intention: one cup mark appears to have begun as a natural hollow in the rock, with only its eastern side worked by human hands. Elsewhere, a natural fracture running across the surface seems to have been deliberately enhanced and incorporated into the design, becoming a kind of step. The prehistoric carver, it seems, was working with the stone rather than simply imposing on it.

The boulder sits on a north-east-facing slope at roughly 223 metres above sea level, in the upland heath and blanket bog that characterises much of south Kerry. It lies about two metres from the edge of a deeply incised mountain stream gorge. Beyond the cup marks and rings, the decorated surface also carries a radial groove extending from one cup mark toward the south-east, continuing as a line of pickmarks, and a circular area of light pocking toward the north-east end. A second rock art site sits only 0.70 metres to the east. The motifs here belong to a tradition found widely across Atlantic Europe during the Neolithic and Bronze Age periods, though their precise meaning remains genuinely unknown. Archaeological survey work by A. O'Sullivan and J. Sheehan, published by Cork University Press in 1996 as part of a broader survey of the Iveragh Peninsula, first documented this site, and subsequent fieldwork by Alison McQueen and Vera Rahilly produced the more detailed measurements and observations.

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