Souterrain, Liscune, Co. Galway

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Settlement Sites

Souterrain, Liscune, Co. Galway

On a low hillock in gently rolling grassland near Liscune in County Galway, a circular earthwork encloses something that may go considerably deeper than it first appears.

The site is a rath, a type of enclosed farmstead common across early medieval Ireland, typically consisting of a raised interior platform ringed by one or more earthen banks with ditches between them. This one measures roughly 30.5 metres in diameter and retains two banks with an intervening fosse, the ditch that once helped define and defend the enclosure. What makes the site quietly interesting is a rectangular hollow in the north-western sector of the interior, running east to west and measuring about 10.5 metres in length, which may be the collapsed or partially buried trace of a souterrain.

Souterrains are underground stone-lined passages or chambers built during the early medieval period, roughly the fifth to twelfth centuries, and are found throughout Ireland and parts of Scotland. Their exact purpose is still debated, but they are generally thought to have served for cool storage, for refuge, or both. They were typically constructed within raths, dug into the interior and then roofed over with large stone lintels. At Liscune, the hollow has not been formally excavated, so the identification remains provisional, but its dimensions and position within the rath interior are consistent with what a souterrain collapse or infill might leave behind. The rath itself is described as being in fair condition, with the fosse and outer bank surviving from the south around through the west to the north-east. A stone-lined entrance causeway, about 3.2 metres wide, is still visible at the southern side, suggesting the original approach to the enclosure was deliberately engineered rather than simply worn into the ground over time.

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Pete F
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