Moated site, Powerstown, Co. Cork
In a level pasture in Powerstown, County Cork, lies what locals call the 'square fort', a rectangular earthwork measuring 41 metres east to west and 38 metres north to south.
Moated site, Powerstown, Co. Cork
The site consists of an earthen bank, roughly half a metre high on the inside, surrounding the entire area, with an external fosse or defensive ditch that’s nearly a metre deep and about 3.4 metres wide. Two old trackways have broken through the bank at the northwest and southwest corners, whilst the western side of the fosse has been deepened over time to serve as a drainage channel.
Today, the interior of this ancient enclosure is completely overgrown with trees, making it inaccessible to casual visitors. The dense vegetation obscures whatever features might survive within, though the earthworks themselves remain clearly visible in the surrounding landscape. The site forms part of a broader archaeological complex in the area; two other ringforts can be found nearby, one approximately 40 metres to the east and another about 70 metres to the south-southeast.
This type of rectangular earthwork enclosure is relatively unusual in the Irish archaeological record, where circular ringforts are far more common. The local name ‘square fort’ reflects this distinctive shape, though the exact function and date of the site remain uncertain without further archaeological investigation. The presence of multiple fortified sites in such close proximity suggests this area held particular significance in the medieval period, possibly serving as a cluster of defended farmsteads or a small settlement complex.