The surname McKenna hails from the historic Irish region of Ulster and has been an integral part of the tapestry of Ireland’s history. The family was initially known as the heads of the Cenel Feradaig, a significant tribe in the Kingdom of Airgíalla (Oriel).
Etymology and Meaning
McKenna is an Anglicization of the Gaelic “Mac Cionaoith,” translating to “son of Cionaoith”. The name Cionaoith itself is derived from two Gaelic elements: “cion” meaning “respect” or “affection,” and “Aodh” or “Aed,” a pagan god of the Celts known for fire and wisdom.
Earliest Known Usage
The earliest documented usage of the McKenna surname is found in medieval Irish annals and chronicles. The McKennas were recorded as erenaghs (hereditary stewards of church lands and property) of the church of Donagh in County Monaghan during the 12th century.
Geographic Distribution
Although the McKenna surname is found across Ireland, it is most concentrated in its original homeland, Ulster, specifically in the modern County Monaghan.
Original Geographic Location
The original lands of the McKenna clan lay in Truagh, a barony in the northern part of County Monaghan.
Migration Patterns
The McKenna name, like many Irish names, experienced a wider geographic spread due to significant historical events, such as the Cromwellian conquests and the Great Famine, which led to emigration to North America, Australia, and other parts of Europe.
Historical Context
Notable Historical Events
During the Elizabethan conquest of Ireland in the late 16th century, the McKennas were known for their resistance against the English. The family also played a significant role in supporting the Catholic Confederacy during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms in the 17th century.
Involvement in Key Moments in History
Members of the McKenna family have consistently been involved in the political, religious, and cultural evolution of Ireland, with many playing key roles in the nation’s fight for independence in the early 20th century.
Notable Irish Bearers of the Surname
Famous Individuals
The surname has been borne by many notable figures, such as Thomas McKenna, a highly regarded actor in both Ireland and the UK, and Eugene McKenna, a successful Gaelic footballer.
Influential Figures
Modern influential figures include Jim McKenna, the former CEO of UTV Media, and Siobhan McKenna, a famous Irish actress who was highly influential in the Irish theatre scene.
Variations of the Surname
Spelling Variations
Spelling variations of the surname, often resulting from Anglicization, include MacKenna, M’Kenna, Kennagh, Ceannt, and Cionaoith.
Regional Differences
The original Gaelic form, Mac Cionaoith, is used within Ireland, while the Anglicized form, McKenna, is commonly used in English-speaking countries.
Current Statistics and Distribution
Frequency and Global Distribution
McKenna is a common surname in Ireland, especially in Ulster and specifically in County Monaghan. Globally, it is also frequently found in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia.
Changes Over Time
While the McKenna name remains strong in Ireland, it has gained a substantial presence in countries such as the United States, Canada, and Australia due to historical emigration patterns.
Family Coat of Arms
The McKenna family Coat of Arms consists of a silver shield with three red lions’ heads erased, a testament to the family’s courage and strength. The crest features a hand holding a dagger, a symbol of justice and military honor.
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