Bawn, Castletown, Co. Kilkenny
On a natural flat-topped hillock in Castletown, County Kilkenny, the remains of a historic bawn tell the story of centuries-old defensive architecture.
Bawn, Castletown, Co. Kilkenny
Rising just a metre or two above the valley floor with a small stream flowing roughly 20 metres to the north, this elevated platform offers commanding views across the surrounding valley. The site, which measures approximately 40 by 40 metres at its maximum extent, sits two metres above the surrounding landscape and is encircled by a four-metre-wide external fosse, or defensive ditch, that would have provided an additional layer of protection to those within.
According to historian Carrigan’s 1905 account, the castle at the centre of this bawn was founded by or belonged to the Cody family, and stood within what he described as “a raised area, enclosed by a wall, now almost entirely broken down.” Today, visitors can still trace the outline of these ancient defences. Along the western side of the platform, about two metres from the edge, runs a low bank standing 30 centimetres high and measuring 1.5 metres wide; these are likely the remains of the bawn’s western wall. Similar earthworks mark the northern boundary, where a slight bank of comparable dimensions follows the platform’s edge before turning southward at the northeast angle for about eight metres.
The site preserves evidence of how these fortified homesteads functioned as complete defensive complexes. A steep ramped entrance midway along the southern side provided the original access point, whilst several short banks perpendicular to the main walls may represent the foundations of ancillary buildings that once stood against the bawn walls. These structures, ranging from three to six metres in length, would have served various domestic and defensive purposes, creating a self-contained fortified compound typical of Anglo-Norman and later medieval Irish settlements.