Bawn, Inchmore, Co. Kilkenny
In the Nore river valley in County Kilkenny, the remnants of a substantial bawn tell the story of a once-fortified estate owned by the Grace family.
Bawn, Inchmore, Co. Kilkenny
This rectangular defensive enclosure, which tapers slightly towards its southern end, stretches an impressive 184 metres at its longest point and encompasses what was once a castle and house at its centre. Though these central structures have long since disappeared from view, the bawn walls themselves survive remarkably well, particularly in the southeastern section where they still reach heights of around two metres.
The walls, built from roughly coursed masonry about 65 centimetres thick, reveal fascinating defensive features that speak to the turbulent times in which they were constructed. An antiquarian sketch from the southeast shows the bawn once had a round-arched entrance gate in its eastern wall, with hints of crenellations along the top, though these battlements have since crumbled away. The southeastern corner incorporated a building defended at ground level by square musket loops; tellingly, these gun ports appear nowhere else along the surviving walls, suggesting this corner was considered particularly vulnerable or strategically important.
Three gates once provided access to the enclosure: eastern, southern, and western entrances, with the eastern gate being perhaps the most intriguing. This entrance connected to a walled passage that led directly to a bridge crossing the River Nore, just 40 metres away. The bawn sits on a slight terrace, raised about a metre above the flood plain, a practical consideration that would have helped protect the estate from the river’s seasonal flooding whilst maintaining easy access to this vital waterway.