Burnt spread, Ballyhard, Co. Galway

Co. Galway |

Ritual/Ceremonial

Burnt spread, Ballyhard, Co. Galway

When a boggy slope in Ballyhard, Co. Galway was drained and ploughed in recent times, the ground gave up something it had been holding quietly for centuries: three distinct clusters of burnt and heat-shattered stone mixed with charcoal, each one a remnant of a type of site known in Irish archaeology as a burnt spread.

These are the physical traces of fulachta fiadh activity, the scorched debris left behind when stones were repeatedly heated and used, most likely to boil water in a trough or pit. The easternmost of the three is the most clearly defined, covering a roughly rectangular area of six metres north to south and one and a half metres east to west, with a deposit depth of at least twenty centimetres where a section was cut along a headland bordering a modern drain. That same drain has clipped the eastern edge of the spread, truncating what would otherwise be a more complete picture.

The three spreads are closely grouped on a long, gentle west-facing slope, the nearest two lying roughly 42 metres and 142 metres to the north-west of this example. Their proximity suggests repeated use of the same general area, possibly across different periods or by the same community returning to a familiar spot. Fulachta fiadh are among the most common prehistoric monument types in Ireland, found in their thousands, typically in low-lying or waterlogged ground near streams or boggy hollows, exactly the kind of terrain that this Galway slope represents. The drainage and ploughing that exposed these three spreads also, inevitably, disturbed them to some degree, though the deposit here remained sufficiently intact to show its original character as a well-defined scatter of small, fire-cracked stones and charcoal.

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