Castle, Ballycuddihy, Co. Kilkenny
Perched on a gentle slope in the rolling grasslands of County Kilkenny, Ballycuddihy Castle stands as a modest yet intriguing example of a medieval Irish tower house.
Castle, Ballycuddihy, Co. Kilkenny
This three-storey rectangular structure, measuring 7 metres north to south and 4.8 metres east to west, was constructed from roughly coursed limestone rubble with neatly dressed corner stones. The tower’s defensive character is evident in its thick walls, which range from 1.04 to 1.22 metres, and its original pointed doorway positioned centrally in the eastern wall. Whilst the surrounding views are pleasant enough, the high ground to the east somewhat dominates the castle’s position, suggesting this was more a local stronghold than a major strategic fortification.
The interior layout reveals the typical arrangement of a medieval tower house, with each floor serving distinct purposes. The ground floor chamber, measuring approximately 4.57 by 2.58 metres, was lit by narrow defensive loops and featured multiple wall cupboards for storage; an essential feature when supplies might need to last through a siege. Originally, a wooden ladder or stair would have connected this level to the first floor, though this has long since vanished. The first floor served as the main living quarters, complete with a fireplace in the eastern wall whose flue was cleverly carried outside the building on corbelled masonry. A spiral staircase in the northeast corner connected the upper levels, whilst a garderobe chamber, essentially a medieval toilet, ran along the northern wall with its waste chute exiting through the exterior wall.
The castle has seen several modifications over its long history. Evidence of a steeply pitched roof can be seen in coping stones projecting from the eastern wall, whilst a doorway was later inserted at first-floor level to provide external access. The site also bears traces of more recent additions; the southern wall shows scars from a two-storey outbuilding with concrete rendering that was demolished around 1980, and foundations remain of another structure that once abutted the northern wall. These later additions, including an oven and range that were inserted into a ground-floor embrasure, speak to the castle’s continued use as a dwelling long after its military significance had faded, transforming from medieval fortress to farmhouse over the centuries.