Castle - motte and bailey, Kerinstown And Balrowan, Co. Westmeath
Standing on a steep gravel ridge with commanding views in every direction, the Kerinstown and Balrowan motte and bailey castle represents a well-preserved example of Norman fortification in County Westmeath.
Castle - motte and bailey, Kerinstown And Balrowan, Co. Westmeath
The monument consists of a small, steep-sided rectangular mound with a flat top, connected to a rectangular bailey area to the south by a shallow ditch. The entire complex is surrounded by a defensive fosse with an external bank, particularly well preserved on the northern and southern sides. Access to the bailey was provided through a narrow causeway entrance on the south-southeast side, with the northern section of the bailey featuring a slightly raised platform that would have likely held important structures.
Archaeological surveys have revealed fascinating details about the wider medieval landscape surrounding the castle. A D-shaped enclosure lies immediately southeast of the bailey, connected by what appears to be an old pathway or road from the main entrance. Though partially cut by the modern townland boundary between Kerinstown and Balrowan, this enclosure’s earthen banks remain visible on the northwest side. The site once featured an extensive field system with low earthen banks at the base of the ridge, and remnants of a possible hollow way or sunken medieval road can still be traced along the eastern edge of the complex, marked by double earthen banks with intervening ditches.
The castle’s strategic importance is evident from its position relative to other medieval sites in the area. Knockmant Castle lies just 420 metres to the southeast, whilst Knockmant Church and its associated graveyard are located 736 metres away in the same direction. The site’s significance was formally recognised in 1983 when it received a Preservation Order, though a large modern quarry immediately to the south and agricultural improvements have altered parts of the surrounding landscape. Aerial photographs from 1966 show the extent of earthworks that have since been lost to land reclamation in the fields northeast of the castle.