Castle - tower house, Ballinruddery, Co. Kerry
The castle ruins at Ballinruddery stand as a testament to the tower house building tradition of 15th and 16th century Ireland.
Castle - tower house, Ballinruddery, Co. Kerry
What remains today are substantial portions of the eastern wall, roughly six metres of the northern wall, and just over five metres of the southern wall, with the northern and eastern sections rising to an impressive height of around 15 metres. The western wall has completely vanished, making it impossible to determine the castle’s original dimensions or locate where the main entrance once stood. The surviving walls, measuring about two metres thick at ground level, would have supported either four or five floors, though the exact number remains a mystery as none of the original floor levels survive.
This tower house displays several intriguing features that suggest construction during the early to mid 16th century, setting it apart from earlier examples. Most notably, the presence of two, possibly three, fireplaces is highly unusual; early tower houses typically had none or at most one, suggesting these may have been later additions to improve comfort. The castle also features rectangular windows with stone mullions and transoms, characteristic of later tower house design, complete with distinctive label moulds on the upper sills that helped prevent water ingress. Perhaps most telling is the corner bartizan at the northeast corner, positioned three quarters of the way up the wall; this small, roofed defensive structure with slots for muskets and openings for dropping missiles on attackers firmly places the castle’s construction before 1580, as records show it was granted to Sir William Herbert by Elizabeth I in 1588.
The interior reveals further architectural details despite its ruinous state. Square headed window loops set in deep, slightly arched recesses show evidence of wicker centering, a construction technique where woven branches served as temporary support during building. Stone corbels on the north and south walls once supported timber floors, though no evidence of stone vaulting exists at any level, which isn’t surprising for a late period tower house. The walls display a slight outward slope, or batter, typical of defensive architecture. Whilst no clear evidence of a bawn wall survives, irregular earthworks to the west and roughly built unmortared stones set into the castle mound might represent remnants of outer defences, though their poor construction suggests they may simply have been reinforcement for the mound itself.