Charcoal-making site, Lugduff, Co. Wicklow
Co. Wicklow |
Kilns
Most visitors to Glendalough come for the round tower and the early medieval monastic remains, but a short distance to the west and south-west of Reefert Church, a quieter and less obvious industrial history is pressed into the hillside.
Here, on the slopes of Lugduff, nine levelled platforms survive in the landscape, their flat surfaces cut into ground that would otherwise fall away with the natural gradient of the valley.
Seven of these platforms were almost certainly used for charcoal burning, a process in which carefully stacked wood was covered with earth or turf and allowed to smoulder slowly without fully combusting, converting timber into the dense, high-carbon fuel required for metalworking and smelting. The platforms themselves are the physical trace of this work: level ground was needed to build and manage the slow-burning mounds, and creating that ground on a slope meant cutting into the hillside and building up the outer edge. The nine platforms at Lugduff range considerably in size, from roughly five metres by three and a half metres to as large as eighteen metres by thirteen metres, suggesting that operations here were not uniform and may have served different purposes at different times. The two remaining platforms, distinct from the charcoal-burning group, may have functioned as hut platforms, perhaps sheltering the workers who tended the burns. The site was noted by Healy in 1972, and its proximity to the Glendalough monastic settlement raises the possibility that charcoal production here was connected, at some point, with the metalworking needs of that community, though the record does not specify a precise date or period for the activity.