Dungar Castle, Dungar, Co. Offaly
Dungar Castle in County Offaly stands out amongst Irish tower houses for its distinctive double-circle ground plan, created by a main circular tower with an attached secondary tower containing spiral stairs.
Dungar Castle, Dungar, Co. Offaly
The well-preserved structure rises from a slight hill in the upland area, its uncoursed limestone rubble walls measuring 5.6 metres in internal diameter with walls 1.1 metres thick. Built in the late 16th or early 17th century, the castle showcases fine architectural details that link it to other notable buildings of the period, including Coole Castle and the Mint at Carlingford, County Louth. The main entrance, now destroyed, was located on the eastern face, whilst all surviving chambers are accessed via the spiral staircase in the adjoining tower.
The interior reveals sophisticated planning typical of late medieval Irish tower houses, with wooden floors supported within the thickness of the walls and increasingly larger windows illuminating the upper storeys. Notable features include two mural chambers with garderobes at the second and third floor levels; the latter accessed directly from the main chamber whilst the former connects via the spiral stairs. The doorways throughout display exceptional two-centred pointed arches with finely punch-dressed jambs, and the entrance to the third floor features decorative punch dressing in opposing triangle patterns. A blocked fireplace on the north wall of the third-floor chamber once provided warmth, its rectangular chimney flue extending to wall-walk level.
The castle’s defensive capabilities are evident in its square wall-walk, carried on corbelled oversailing at the tower’s four corners, which explains the unusual square interior plan of the third floor. At this level, visitors can still see the well-preserved southern gable of the original tower house roof. Additional medieval features include a double-opening garderobe chute positioned 2.1 metres above ground on the south face, along with two slop stones at the second and third floors. The site’s historical significance extends beyond the main tower; approximately 180 metres east lie the grass-covered foundations of what may be another circular tower house, depicted in Cromwellian-period drawings. Two medieval mortars with four side lugs, now displayed in the front garden of a neighbouring 19th-century house, further testify to the site’s military past and possible connection to the 1619 plantation period.





