Enclosure, Bishop'S Island, Co. Cork

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Bishop’S Island, Co. Cork

On Bishop's Island in County Cork, a near-perfect circle of coniferous trees rises out of otherwise open tillage land.

It looks, from a distance, like an ornamental plantation, but the trees are growing along and within a two-metre-high earthen bank, the kind that would have defined a ringfort, a type of enclosed farmstead common across early medieval Ireland. The circular enclosure measures roughly 29.5 metres east to west and 29 metres north to south, and the trees have colonised both the bank itself and the interior, effectively disguising the underlying archaeology as woodland.

What makes the site's history traceable is its appearance on successive Ordnance Survey maps. On the 1842 six-inch map it was already recorded as a tree ring, suggesting the planting is not recent. By 1902 and again in 1935, the same feature was mapped as a hachured circular enclosure, the conventional cartographic notation used to indicate a raised earthwork. The earthen bank, which at two metres in height is substantial enough to have survived centuries of surrounding agricultural use, has been recorded within farmland given over to tillage. The trees that now fill it may have been planted to mark it, exploit it for shelter, or simply because the raised ground and interior were impractical to cultivate. Whatever the reason, the result is a feature that has shifted in appearance from functional enclosure to woodland anomaly over the course of the mapped record.

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Pete F
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