Enclosure, Carheenlea, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Enclosures
On a gentle south-facing slope in County Galway, a perfectly circular field sits quietly in the undulating grassland of Carheenlea, its boundary wall so tidy and functional-looking that a passing walker might not give it a second glance.
That ordinariness is part of what makes it worth pausing over. The field is exactly 45 metres across, its perimeter formed by a drystone wall with a gap for an entrance at the north-north-east, and the whole arrangement has the uncanny regularity of something far older dressed up in newer clothes.
The earliest cartographic evidence comes from the first edition of the Ordnance Survey six-inch map, which recorded this spot as a circular enclosure of the same diameter, traced out by two concentric rings of hachures, the hatched lines surveyors used to indicate the edges of earthen banks or ditches. Circular enclosures of this kind are generally associated with the early medieval period in Ireland, when ringforts, known in Irish as raths or lios, served as enclosed farmsteads for individual families. The double-ring detail noted on that early map suggests the original feature may have had more structural complexity than the present wall conveys. What drew people to build here is easy enough to imagine: a sheltered, south-facing incline, good drainage, open views. Outside the circular boundary, the ground is uneven with a scattering of mounds and hollows. Local tradition holds that these mark the positions of old thatched houses, which would place at least some of that disturbance in a more recent, post-medieval past, perhaps the remnants of a small rural settlement that shrank or vanished entirely during one of the many episodes of population collapse that reshaped the west of Ireland over the centuries.