Enclosure, Cross (Coonagh By.), Co. Limerick

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Cross (Coonagh By.), Co. Limerick

A rectangular earthwork in a field of rough wet pasture in County Limerick managed to go unrecorded on Ordnance Survey historic mapping entirely, and yet shows up clearly enough from the air to have been catalogued from aerial photographs taken as part of the Bruff Survey.

That combination, present on the ground, absent from the maps, is precisely what makes this enclosure in the townland of Cross, in the barony of Coonagh, quietly interesting to anyone who pays attention to how the Irish landscape holds its secrets.

The monument was identified from Bruff Survey aerial photographs, reference Bruff 109: AP4/3676, and measures roughly 32 metres on its northwest to southeast axis and 28 metres northeast to southwest, giving it a broadly rectangular plan. It sits on a slightly raised area on a north-facing slope, the kind of marginal ground that often preserves earthworks because it was never worth the effort to plough flat. A possible ringfort, recorded separately under the Sites and Monuments Record number LI024-058----, lies about five metres to the northeast, which raises the question of whether the two features are related or simply neighbours by coincidence. Ringforts, which are circular enclosed farmsteads typically dating from the early medieval period, are among the most common monument types in Ireland, but rectangular enclosures are less easy to categorise and their function is often harder to pin down. What the enclosure was built for, and by whom, remains open. It does not appear on any Ordnance Survey historic mapping, suggesting it was either not visible at ground level when those surveys were carried out or had already been reduced to a state invisible without aerial assistance.

There is a particular footnote worth knowing for anyone interested in visiting or researching this site. Digital Globe orthophotographs taken between 2011 and 2013 show the earthwork clearly, but Google Earth imagery from 28 June 2018 shows nothing. Seasonal variation in grass growth, soil moisture, and crop stress can make cropmarks and soilmarks appear and disappear year on year, sometimes even week on week, which means the same field can look entirely featureless in one image and reveal its buried geometry in another. The record was compiled by Alison McQueen and Vera Rahilly and uploaded in July 2020. For anyone exploring the area on foot, the enclosure occupies rough wet pasture, so appropriate footwear and landowner permission would both be sensible considerations before approaching.

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