Enclosure, Kilcreen, Co. Kilkenny

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Kilcreen, Co. Kilkenny

A small field in County Kilkenny holds more history than its surface suggests, though you would never know it walking past.

The circular enclosure at Kilcreen exists not as a visible earthwork but as a cropmark, a phenomenon where buried features such as ditches cause the vegetation above them to grow differently, revealing their outlines only from the air. In this case, the faint ring, roughly fifteen to twenty metres in diameter, was captured in a single aerial photograph taken on 16 July 1971, showing the ghostly trace of a fosse, a defensive or boundary ditch, pressed into the soil beneath the crop.

What makes the site more intriguing is the company it keeps. Two ring-ditches lie close by, one roughly sixty-five metres to the south-east, another about fifty-five metres to the north-east. Ring-ditches of this kind are typically the surviving traces of prehistoric burial monuments, the circular ditches that once surrounded round barrows or other funerary structures, their mounds long since levelled by centuries of cultivation. Overlying all of this is a relic field system, a set of now-abandoned field boundaries whose origins are later than the ring-ditches themselves. The evidence for that sequence is concrete: one of the field boundaries runs roughly north-west to south-east directly across one of the ring-ditches, indicating that whoever laid out those fields either did not know what lay beneath or no longer cared. The enclosure, the burial monuments, and the field system together form a palimpsest of land use stretching across multiple periods, each layer partially obscuring the one before it.

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