Enclosure (Large), Cloonkerry, Co. Mayo

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Enclosures

Enclosure (Large), Cloonkerry, Co. Mayo

A satellite image taken in November 2016 revealed something that generations of Ordnance Survey mapmakers had apparently never recorded: a large oval enclosure sitting quietly in pastureland near Cloonkerry in County Mayo, roughly a kilometre east of Lough Carra.

The site measures approximately 100 metres across from east to west and 80 metres from north to south, defined by what was once a broad earthen bank. It does not appear on any edition of the OS 6-inch maps, the standard cartographic record for rural Ireland from the mid-nineteenth century onward, which suggests it had already been significantly reduced before those surveys were completed, or simply escaped notice entirely.

Enclosures of this kind, large circular or oval earthworks defined by a raised bank and sometimes a ditch, are among the more enigmatic features of the Irish landscape. They may have served as settlement enclosures, places of assembly, or stock enclosures, and their origins can span a considerable range of periods. At Cloonkerry, the bank survives unevenly: the arc on the north-west is noticeably less substantial than the rest of the circuit, and there appears to be a wide break on the western side, which may represent an original entrance or simply a point where the bank was removed. Within the north-west quadrant, the faint rectangular outline of a possible building is just discernible in the satellite imagery. The enclosure was brought to formal attention by Jean-Charles Caillère, who identified it from aerial and satellite sources.

On the ground today, the site offers very little to the eye. The bank has been levelled at some point in the past, and what remains is a slight undulation in the pasture, the full circuit difficult to trace from any one position. An electricity pole now stands on the western edge. The terrain around it is gently rolling and fertile, with the waters of Lough Carra visible to the west on a clear day. It is the kind of place that rewards patient observation rather than immediate impression, a low earthwork that only begins to make sense once you know what you are standing inside.

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