Enclosure, Velvetstown, Co. Cork

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Velvetstown, Co. Cork

A small circular earthwork sitting in low-lying marshy ground near the Awbeg River in north Cork is, by most measures, in exactly the wrong place.

Ringforts, the enclosed farmsteads that dot the Irish countryside in their thousands and date broadly from the early medieval period, were almost invariably built on well-drained, elevated ground. That made practical sense: defensibility, dry living conditions, visibility across the landscape. This one, however, sits in wet, marginal terrain, roughly 150 metres east of the river, and that single fact quietly sets it apart from the great majority of its counterparts.

The enclosure is modest in scale: a roughly circular raised area, about 22 metres north to south and just over 19 metres east to west, defined by an earthen bank and an external fosse, which is the term for a ditch dug to reinforce the boundary of such a structure. The bank survives to an internal height of around 35 centimetres, the fosse to a depth of 60 centimetres, and a southern entrance approximately 2 metres wide is still legible. The interior is mainly grass-covered, with mature trees growing on the bank and along the inner edge. The site lies within the demesne of Velvetstown House, and local memory has preserved one detail that sheds at least some light on its more recent life: it was once used, people say, as duck cover, a form of managed waterfowl habitat. Whether that use shaped anything visible on the ground today is unclear, but it fits neatly with the marshy surroundings that make the enclosure so anomalous as a piece of ancient engineering in the first place.

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Pete F
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