Fulacht fia, Dooradoyle, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Settlement Sites
Beneath what was once a rugby pitch in Dooradoyle, on the southern fringes of Limerick city, lay a prehistoric cooking site that had been scarped, levelled, and largely forgotten by the time anyone thought to look for it.
What survives of the site belongs to a class of monument known as a fulacht fia, the term used in Irish archaeology for a burnt mound, typically associated with Bronze Age outdoor cooking. The basic principle involves heating stones in a fire and dropping them into a water-filled trough until the water boils; the spent, shattered stones are then raked aside into a mound. Over centuries, these mounds of blackened, heat-cracked stone accumulate into the low, kidney-shaped spreads that archaeologists recognise across the Irish landscape in their thousands.
This particular site was first identified by archaeologist Audrey Gahan in 1997, during monitoring works connected with the N20/N21 Limerick Bypass, and was subsequently excavated by Cia McConway under licence. What emerged from the ground was a burnt mound arranged in two kidney-shaped arms oriented roughly north to south. The western arm measured 14.5 metres by 7 metres but was relatively shallow at 0.15 metres deep; the eastern arm was considerably more substantial, measuring 22.5 metres by 9 metres and reaching 0.5 metres in depth, with the accumulated stone compressed down into the soft natural clay beneath. Between the two arms sat a central clay-lined trough, roughly 2.58 metres by 2 metres and 0.54 metres deep, cut into the subsoil. A shallower basin feature was found along its western edge. A second, unlined trough to the east of the mound was also uncovered, and its four corners each held a post-hole, suggesting a small wooden frame, interpreted as possibly supporting a spit. A cluster of stake-holes around the eastern edge of this trough may have held a windbreak. Both troughs were filled with a black, greasy clay packed with heat-shattered stone, the residue of repeated use.
The site no longer has any surface expression; the former rugby pitch saw to that. It is now known primarily through the published excavation record, referenced in McConway's 1998 report and on the excavations.ie database. For those interested in following up, the excavations.ie entry for the 1997 monitoring (reference 338) and McConway's associated licence records offer the clearest access to the findings. The Dooradoyle site is a useful reminder that suburbanisation and sports infrastructure have quietly erased a great deal of the archaeological record in and around Irish cities, and that systematic monitoring during road schemes has, at least occasionally, caught something before it disappeared entirely.