House - medieval, Reachlainn Uí Bhirn, Co. Donegal
At Reachlainn Uí Bhirn in County Donegal, the remains of a medieval house stand beside an ancient oratory, its eastern wall forming part of the religious building's enclosure.
House - medieval, Reachlainn Uí Bhirn, Co. Donegal
The structure, documented by Herity in 1995, offers a fascinating glimpse into medieval Irish domestic architecture. The ancient walls, which survive to approximately 90 centimetres in height beneath a later addition of jumbled stones, reveal a distinctive trapezoid or rhomboid floor plan. The house is oriented 30 degrees south of west, with its north wall being the only one to remain intact along its entire length of 1.87 metres.
The house’s irregular geometry becomes apparent when examining its corners; the east wall meets the north wall at an 80-degree angle, whilst the west wall joins at 110 degrees. The original interior dimensions are estimated at 2.95 metres in length and 1.87 metres in width, creating a length-to-breadth ratio of 1.6:1. The entrance, positioned opposite the west door of the oratory, measures about 50 centimetres wide at its base. One particularly intriguing feature is an ambry, or wall cupboard, built into the west wall. This storage niche, measuring 60 centimetres deep with an opening of 25 by 21 centimetres, sits roughly 40 centimetres above ground level and 96 centimetres from the north-west corner, conveniently placed near the entrance.
The construction technique reveals skilled craftsmanship typical of medieval Irish builders. The north wall and portions of the west wall near the north-west corner display a coursed style of masonry using notably long, regular stone blocks. Unlike many Irish stone structures of the period, the walls appear to rise vertically without corbelling, suggesting the original roof was likely coved, sloping from south-west to north-east with the higher end possibly incorporating the doorway at the façade. The southern end of the house shows signs of having been ruined and partially rebuilt at some point in its long history, adding another layer to this intriguing medieval dwelling’s story.