Howth Castle, Howth Demesne, Co. Dublin
On the north side of a courtyard at Howth Castle stands an imposing three-storey gatehouse, its battlemented parapet and projecting northeast tower a testament to centuries of defensive architecture.
Howth Castle, Howth Demesne, Co. Dublin
Built around 1525 as part of the castle’s fortifications, the structure is constructed from randomly coursed rubble with dressed quoins, connected to the main castle by a rubble stone bawn wall featuring gun loops and a crow-stepped crenellated parapet. The original studded wooden gate remains in place on the eastern side, hanging beneath a striking round arch where alternating sandstone and limestone blocks create a distinctive banded pattern.
The gatehouse’s defensive capabilities are evident throughout its design. A segmental arched vault runs east to west through the main gateway, whilst two high vaulted chambers flank the northern side of the entrance passage, accessed through round-arched doorways and lit by narrow slit openings. A musket hole guards the southern approach, and buttresses support the structure to first floor level on both the eastern and southern walls. The northeast tower houses a stone spiral staircase, entered through a square-headed doorway of chamfered limestone, providing access to the upper floors where later residents added more comfortable features during renovations in 1738.
The upper levels reveal a blend of medieval defensive architecture and later domestic improvements. The first floor features a fireplace with a plain segmental arch on the north wall and an elegant double-light window with mullion, transom and cusped ogee heads on the east side, though a crack now mars the base of its arch. A small mural chamber adjoins this floor, illuminated by simple rectangular windows. The second floor, accessed through a pointed arch doorway of chamfered limestone, contains a later fireplace inserted into the northwest corner and an ogee-headed window on the western wall. Along the western parapet, a pointed arched window has been cleverly incorporated into the battlements, allowing defenders to maintain watch whilst remaining protected.