Moated site, Brownstown, Co. Kilkenny
Just below the ridge of a gently sloping hillside in County Kilkenny, the remains of a medieval moated site at Brownstown offer a glimpse into Ireland's defensive past.
Moated site, Brownstown, Co. Kilkenny
The site occupies the western slopes of the Arigna river valley, where waterlogged pasture now surrounds what was once a fortified enclosure. From this vantage point, visitors can take in sweeping views north and south along the valley, as well as eastward across it, though the western outlook remains limited by the terrain.
The rectangular earthwork measures approximately 35 metres from north to south and 30 metres east to west, defined by substantial defensive features that have survived centuries of agricultural use. A raised bank, standing between 0.3 and 0.5 metres high on the interior side and roughly a metre on the exterior, encircles the northern, northeastern and western portions of the site. This bank has an impressive width of three metres and is accompanied by an external fosse, or defensive ditch, that remains waterlogged to this day. The fosse itself is two metres wide and half a metre deep, whilst the southern and southeastern boundaries are naturally protected by a stream. What appears to be the original entrance can be found on the eastern side, though both it and the interior have suffered considerable damage from cattle trampling the sodden ground.
Historical maps provide intriguing context for this site; the first Ordnance Survey six-inch map from 1839 and its 1900 revision both show this area as a small rectangular field or haggard, suggesting its use had already shifted to agriculture by the 19th century. Today, a marshy channel about three metres wide cuts through the interior from east to west, running from the entrance area. The site was formally identified during Archaeological Survey of Ireland fieldwork and documented by Jean Farrelly, with records uploaded in April 2020, adding another piece to our understanding of medieval settlement patterns in the Irish landscape.